Warning: In this section I decided to display the literal transliteration that is to say the word as it is written and NOT as it should be written. The transliteration of reference will be mentioned when known to me. The comparison of both will reveal in full to the reader the Ancient Egyptians' stenographical way of writing.

 

 

Rosetta Stone

 

Bibliography: Sethe, Kurt, Urkunden der griechisch-römischen Zeit, p. 166-198; R. S. Bagnall and P. Derow, The Hellenistic period: historical sources in translation, Malden (Mass.), Blackwell, 2004, p. 196 sq

 

Stone of el-Nibeira (Damanhur) (Sethe, p.169)

 

rnpt-sp 9  q-s-n-d-q-s sw 4

ntï ỉr (n) ȝbd n ỉmï^.w tȝ-mrỉ ȝbd 2 prt sw 18

ḫr ḥm (n) ḥr ḥwn-ḫʿï-m-nsw-ḥr-st-ỉt-f

nbtï wr-pḥtï smn-tȝwï

snfr-tȝ-mrỉ mnḫ-ỉb-ḫr-nṯrw

 

(Sethe, p.170)

 

ḥr-nbw wȝḏ-ʿnḫ-n-ḥnmmt

nb-ḥb-sd-mỉ-ptḥ-tȝ-tnn

ỉtï-mỉ-rʿ

nsw-bỉt

ỉwʿ-n-nṯrwï-mr(wï)-ỉt ... stp-n-ptḥ (Ptolemy V Epiphanus)

wsr-kȝ-rʿ ... sḫm-ʿnḫ-n-ỉmn

sȝ-rʿ p-t-w-l-m-ï-s ʿnḫ ḏt ... mr-(y)-ptḥ

nṯr-pr(y) nb-nfrw

 

(Sethe, p.171)

 

sȝ n p-t-w-l-m-ï-s ḥnʿ ỉ-r-s-ỉ-n-ȝ-t nṯrwï mr(wï)-ỉt

(ḥnʿ) wʿb n ỉ-l-k-s-ỉ-n-d-r-s ḥnʿ nṯrwï-nḏwï (ḥnʿ) nṯrwï-snwï

ḥnʿ nṯrwï-mnḫwï ḥnʿ nṯrwï-mr(wï)-ỉt

ḥnʿ nṯr-pr(y) nb-nfrw

ȝ-ï-d-w-s (sȝ) pȝ ȝ-ï-d-w-s

ỉw p-r-ȝ sȝt p-ï-l-ï-n-s fȝ(y) šp-n-qn m-bȝḥ b-r-n-ï-g-ȝ-t tȝ-mnḫ(t)

ỉw ȝ-r-ï-ȝ sȝt d-ï-g-n-s fȝ(y) dn m-bȝḥ ỉ-r-s-ỉ-n-ȝ-t tȝ mr(t)-sn-s

ỉw h-ï-r-n-ȝ sȝt p-t-w-l-m-ï-s n wʿb n ỉ-r-s-ỉ-n-ȝ-t tȝ mr(t)-ỉt-s

 

(Sethe, p.172)

 

hrw pn sḫȝwï

ỉw  ỉmïw-r gsw-prw ḥmw-nṯr

ḥrïw-sštȝ wʿb^.w ʿq(yw) r bw ḏsr smʿr nṯrw m sṯt.sn

ḥnʿ sš^.w mḏȝt-nṯr ḥnʿ ṯyw pr-ʿnḫ

ḥnʿ nȝ ky wʿb^.w ỉ m ỉtrtï šmʿw mḥw r ỉnb-ḥḏ

m ḥb n šsp nsy m-ʿ ỉt.f

ỉn ḥm n nsw-bỉt nb tȝwï p-t-w-l-m-ï-s ʿnḫ ḏt mr(y)-ptḥ nṯr-pr(y) nb-nfrw

ʿb.sn r sḥḏ nt mḫȝt-tȝwï ỉsw kȝ.sn

 

(Sethe, p.173)

 

mtn(?) wn nsw-bỉt ỉwʿ-n-nṯrwï-mrwï-ỉt stp-n-ptḥ wsr-kȝ-rʿ sḫm-ʿnḫ-n-ỉmn

sȝ-rʿ p-t-w-l-m-ï-s ʿnḫ ḏt mr(y)-ptḥ nṯr-pr(y) nb-nfrw

sȝ n nsw-bỉt p-t-w-l-m-ï-s ḥnʿ ḥqȝt nb(t) tȝwï ỉ-r-s-ỉ-n-ȝ-t nṯrwï mr(wï)-ỉt

ḥr ỉr(t) ḫt nb^.t nfr(t) wr(t) m ỉdbw-ḥr ḥnʿ ỉmï(w).sn nb(w)

ḥr s nb wn m-ḫnt ỉȝw(t).f mnḫ^.t r ȝw.sn

wn^.n.f m nṯr sȝ nṯr nṯrt

 

(Sethe, p.174)

 

ỉw.f m stwt r ḥr sȝ ȝst sȝ wsỉr ỉ.nḏ ỉt.f wsỉr

sw ḥm.f m ỉb mnḫ n nṯrw

rd.n.f ḥḏ wr(t) wȝḥy qnw r gsw-prw nw kmt

rd.n.f špsw wr^.w

r (sgrḥ) tȝ-mrỉ r sḏd qbḥwï

rd(t).f fȝyt n rd-mšʿ(?) wn^.n ḫnt ỉȝt.f wr^.t mỉ-qd.sn

ḥtr ḥnʿ bȝk n ỉty wn ỉp ḫr tȝ-mrỉ

 

(Sethe, p.175)

 

wn^.n ỉr.f ḫb.n.f (ỉ)m.sn wn^.n rd.n.f r tȝ ỉrï.sn

r d^.t wn^.n mnfyt ḥnʿ wnnw qï^.w

m rk.f n nb wʿ

ḥr-ʿ ỉrw wn ḫr ḥnmmt nw bȝqt

ḥnʿ ỉȝt(?) s nb wn m-ḫnt ỉȝt.f mnḫ^.t r ȝw.s

rd sn ḥm.f r tȝ m (ỉpt) ʿȝ(t) nn rḫ tnw.sn

ḫw.n.f šspyw wn^.n(w) ḥrt(?)

 

(Sethe, p.176)

 

ḥnʿ ȝ s nb ... nn m ỉr^.y (rr) ȝw

wḏ ḥm.f m-ḏd ỉr ḥtp-nṯr n nṯrw

ḥnʿ ḥḏ wȝḥ rd r ḥwwt-nṯr tp-rnpt

ḥnʿ (dnỉw ỉrw nw ḥr) (m) ȝḥw(t) nw (ỉȝrrt) nw ḥsp

ḥnʿ ḫt nb(t) wn^.n ẖrt.sn ḫr ḥm ỉt.f šps

r rd^.t mn.sn ẖr.sn

 

(Sethe, p.177)

 

wḏ.n.f ỉs r tm rd mḥ.tw dnỉwt m-ʿ wʿb^.w

m-ḥȝw-r wn^.n rd^.t nfryt-r rnpt-sp 1 ḥm ỉt.f šps

ỉw ȝ wȝ.n ḥm.f r wʿb^.w wnwt ḥwt-nṯr

m wḏy(t) ỉr(t).sn r pȝ ỉnb/sbtï n ỉ-l-g-s-ȝ-n-d-r-s m tr n rnpt

wḏ.n.f ỉs r tm rd^.t (nḥm.tw) s nw ẖny(t)

 

(Sethe, p.178)

 

tr m pqt ỉr(ï) r pr-nsw m gsw-prw ʿḥʿ.n.tw (wȝ).n ḥm.f rwï.sn

mỉtt-ỉrw ḫt nb(t) wn msnḥ.tw m rr ȝw

dd st ḥm.f r tp.sn nfr

wn^.n.f ḥr mḥ r ʿȝ wr ḥr ỉr(t) ḫt nb(t) tw(t) n ỉrw

m-bȝḥ(?) nw nṯrw mỉ ntï r tp-mt(rt)(?)

mỉtt-ỉrw rd^.t tp-nfr n wnyw mỉ ỉr.n ḏḥwtï ʿȝ ʿȝ

 

(Sethe, p.179)

 

wḏ.n.f ỉsk ...

...

... r rd^.t mn ḫt.sn ẖr.sn

ỉr.n.f mḥ ỉs ḥr rd^.t (šm mšʿ) ssmw kbnwt

m ḫsf n ỉ^.yw r (ḥw(t)) ḥr kmt m dy mỉtt m wȝḏ-wr

d.n.f ḥḏ wȝḥ wr r.sn

 

(Sethe, p.180)

 

sgrḥ ỉdbw-ḥr ḥr tȝ-mrỉ

šȝ ỉs ḥm.f r ḫntï wy ...

...

...

...

... sbỉ^.w wn m-ḫnt.s

 

(Sethe, p.181)

 

ḏr-ntï ỉr.sn tp-ḫbs(?) wr m bȝqt

th.sn mtn mr nw ḥm.f ḥnʿ sḫr(w) nw nṯrw

dnw.n.f ỉtrw nb ntï stȝ r rsyt ṯn

nn ỉr mỉtt ỉn nsyw tpïw-ʿw

rd.n.f ḥḏ mỉ ʿšȝ.sn r.sn

rd.ỉn ḥm.f šm mšʿ.f ssmw r r n ỉtrw ỉpn

r sȝw.sn r swḏȝ.sn

 

(Sethe, p.182)

 

 ...

... mḏ.tw m sšr mȝʿ

ḥqȝ.n ḥm.f rsyt ṯn (m-mȝʿt) m (rr) ... wr

ḫb.n.f m sbỉ^.w wn m-ḫnt.s ỉr.n.f sn m ʿn(?) ʿȝ^.t

mỉtt ỉr(t).n prʿ ḥnʿ ḥr sȝ ȝst n sb^.w ḥr.sn m bw pn ḫnt

 

Rosetta Stone (Sethe, p.183)

 

sbỉ^.w ỉsk (twt) mšʿ wn.sn m tp.sn

sd(?).sn tȝš^.w ... ỉdbw-ḥr

th.sn mtn nw ḥm.f ḥnʿ ỉt.f šps

rd.n nṯrw ḫb.f ỉm.sn m ỉnb-ḥḏ

m ḥb šsp sk nsyt m-ʿ ỉt.f

smȝ m rd^.t tp ḫt

ḥr-ʿ nw ḥm.f wn ḫr gsw-prw nfryt-r rnpt 9

 

(Sethe, p.184)

 

... ḥḏ wȝḥy rd sn ḥm.f r tȝ

mỉtt-ỉrw m dr n pg rd^.t r pr-nsw wn ḫr gsw-prw

ḥnʿ stȝ mny tr n.sn nfryt-r tr pn

ʿḥʿ.n wȝ(.n.f) ỉt ḥqȝt 5 šd.tw r stȝt m ȝḥ(t) nw nṯrw

mỉtt-ỉrw m ỉpt(?) m ỉrp.sn m ȝḥ(t) nw ỉrr

 

(Sethe, p.185)

 

ỉr.n.f ȝḫw(t) wr(t) n ḥp mr-wr

ḥnʿ ʿwt nb(t) ḫw(t)

m-ḥȝw-r ỉr.sn ỉn tpïw-ʿwï

ỉb.f ʿq ḥr sḫr^.w.sn m (tr) nb

rd.n.f ḫt nb(t) ḏʿr.sn r ʿbȝ ḏt.sn wr.tw ḏsr.tw

ỉṯ.n.f sḫn.sn r ḥwt-nṯr.sn

m ḥb ʿȝ wȝḥ ʿḫ sqr n wdn ḥnʿ ḫt nb(t) twt n ỉr(t)

 

(Sethe, p.186)

 

smȝʿ tp gsw-prw ḥnʿ ḫt nb(t) wr(t) nw bȝqt

... sn ḥm.f ... mỉ ntï r hp^.w

rd.n.f nbw ḥḏ wȝḥy wr ḥr ḫt nb(t) mỉ ʿšȝ.sn r ḥwt snwt nt ḥp ʿnḫ

ḥnʿ sẖkr.ỉn ḥm.f m kȝt mnḫ^.t n-mȝ(wt) nfr.wï s(ï) m sšr mȝʿ

sḫʿ.n.f ḥp ʿnḫ r.s

rd(?).n.f ḥwt-nṯr ḫm^.w ḫȝww(t) m-mȝ(wt) n nṯrw

 

(Sethe, p.187)

 

sw ḥm.f m ỉb n nṯr mnḫ (ḫr) nṯrw

ḥr nḏ (ḫrt) nfrw gsw-prw

r smȝw(ï) sn m rk.f n nb-wʿ

(r) ỉsw rd n.f nṯrw qn nḫt ʿnḫ wḏȝ snb

ḥr ḫt nb(t) nfr(t) r ȝw.sn

ỉw ỉȝw(t).f wr^.t ḏd.tw ẖr.f ḥnʿ ẖrd^.w.f ḏt

 

(Sethe, p.188)

 

ḥnʿ sḫn nfr

ʿq.s m ỉb n wʿb^.w nw ỉtrtï šmʿw mḥw mỉ-qd.sn

mdw qn^.w nsw-bỉt p-t-w-l-m-ï-s ʿnḫ ḏt mr(y)-ptḥ nṯr-pr(y) nb-nfrw

m-ḫnt ỉdbw-ḥr r swr.sn

ḥnʿ ḫp n nṯrwï mr(wï)-ỉt sḫp(wï) sw

ḥnʿ nṯrwï-mnḫwï sḫp(wï) qmȝ(yw) sw

ḥnʿ nṯrwï-snwï sḫp ỉr(yw) sn

 

(Sethe, p.189)

 

ḥr nṯrwï-nḏwï ḏfn^.w

n twt.sn

mtw.tw ʿḥʿ ẖnt n nsw-bỉt p-t-w-l-m-ï-s ʿnḫ ḏt mry-ptḥ nṯr-pr(y) nb-nfrw

kȝ.tw rn.f p-t-w-l-m-ï-s-nḏ-bȝqt

wḥʿ.f pw p-t-w-l-m-ï-s-nḫt-(n)-kmt

ḥnʿ ẖnt nw nṯr (nỉwtï) rd n.f ḫpš n qn

 

(Sethe, p.190)

 

m qbḥwï n ḫm nb ḥr rn.f m wsḫ(t) nt ḥwt-nṯr

m bỉt qstï^.w nw bȝqt

mtw sʿqyw nw ḥwt-nṯr m r-pr nb ḥr rn.f

šms (ẖntï^.w) ỉpn m sp 3 m ẖr-hrw

ḥr ỉr(t) rd^.t (dbḥw) m-bȝḥ.sn ỉr^.t n.sn tp-rd nb twt n kȝ.sn

mỉ ỉr n nṯrw spȝwt

m ḥb^.w tp-trw ḥr hrw n ḫʿ (ḥnʿ) hrw m rn.f

 

(Sethe, p.191)

 

mtw.tw ms(t) sšm-ḫw n nsw-bỉt p-t-w-l-m-ï-s nṯr-pr(y) nb-nfrw

sȝ n nsw-bỉt p-t-w-l-m-ï-s ḥnʿ ḥqȝt nb(t) tȝwï ỉ-r-s-ỉ-n-ȝ-t nṯrwï-mr(wï)-ỉt

ḥnʿ kȝr šps m ḏʿm m nbw mḥ m ʿȝt nb(t) n-mȝʿt m rw-prw nb ḥr rn.f

ḥtp m bw ḏsr ḥr kȝr^.w nw nṯrw spȝwt

ỉr ỉrf ḫp ḥbw wr^.w (m) pr nṯr m qbt(?).f šps(t) r-sȝ pr.f (ỉ)m.sn

mtw.tw sḫʿ kȝr šps n nṯr-pr(y) nb-nfrw ḥr.sn

 

(Sethe, p.192)

 

r rd^.t sỉȝ.tw kȝr ṯn m hrw pn r ḥntï rnpwt

mtw.tw d(t) sḥnw 10 nw ḥm.f

ỉw wnwt tp-ʿ.sn m wʿ nb mỉ ỉr^.r tp-nfr m sḥnw nb

ḥr-tp kȝr ṯn m ỉsw n wrrt^.ï wn ḥr-tp kȝr^.w

ỉw pȝ sḫmtï m ḥr-ỉb ỉrw

ḏr-ntï psd ḥm.f m.f m (ḥwt-kȝ-ptḥ)

m-ḫt ỉr n.f ỉrw nb n bs-nsw r ḥwt-nṯr ḫft šsp.n.f ỉȝwt.f wr^.t

mtw.tw rd^.t m gs ḥr n (ỉfd) ntï m rwtï (sḥnw) ỉpn

 

(Sethe, p.193)

 

m ʿqȝ n sḫmtï pn šmʿ ḥnʿ mḥw

mwt ḥr nbt mḥyt ẖr.s ḥr qʿḥ wnm(ï) n kȝr ṯn

ỉʿrt mỉtt ḥr nbt mḥyt ẖr.s ḥr qʿḥ.s ỉȝb(ï)

wḥʿ.f pw nbtï sḥḏ šmʿw mḥw

 

(Sethe, p.194)

 

ḏr-ntï wn ȝbd 4 šmw ʿrq hrw ms nṯr nfr ʿnḫ ḏt

ḏd.tỉ m ḥb ḫʿ m ỉdbw-ḥr ẖr-ḥȝt

mỉtt-ỉrw n ȝbd 2 ȝḫt sw 17 (m) ỉr(t) n.f ỉrw nw ḫʿ-nsw m šsp.n.f nsyt m-ʿ ỉt.f

ỉ(w) ỉs rf ḫntï m ḫt nb(t) ȝḫ(t) wr(t) wn ẖr tp-tȝ ms nt nṯr nfr ʿnḫ ḏt

ḥnʿ šsp ỉȝwt.f mnḫ^.t

ỉmy ỉr.tw hrw^.w ỉpn hrw 17 ʿrq m ȝbd nb m ḥb

m gsw-prw nw bȝqt r ȝw.sn

 

(Sethe, p.195)

 

mtw.tw ... ʿḫ (sqr wdn) ḥnʿ ỉr(t) ḫt nb(t) twt n ỉr(t) m ḥb^.w

m ḥb ỉpn tp ȝbd nb

ḫt nb(t) ỉr.tw m ḥb^.w ỉpn ... r s nb ỉr wnwt.sn m ḥwt-nṯr

mtw.tw ỉr(t) ḥb ḫʿ n gsw-prw nw bȝqt r ȝw.sn

n nsw-bỉt p-t-w-l-m-ï-s ʿnḫ ḏt mry-ptḥ nṯr-pr(y) nb-nfrw

tp-rnpt šȝʿ-m tpï ȝḫt nfryt-r hrw 5

 

(Sethe, p.196)

 

mḥ r tp.sn sḥb ḫȝw sqr wdn ḥnʿ ḫt nb(t) tw

 n ỉr^.t

wʿb^.w nw gsw-prw m r-pr nb ḥr rn.f

kȝ.tw sn ḥm-nṯr (nṯr-pry) nb-nfrw

(m-ḥȝw-r) ỉȝwt wʿb^.w n.sn-ỉmy

spẖr.sn sw ḥr tp-rd.sn

ḫt.tw ỉȝwt wʿb n nṯr-pr(y) nb-nfrw ḥr ḫtm ỉrï (ḥr) ḏrt.sn

 

(Sethe, p.197)

 

ỉs ỉrf swt(?) wn.s m ʿ^.wï wnnyw ntï.sn ȝb

sʿḥʿ mỉtt kȝr n nṯr-pr(y) nb-nfrw

r rd^.t wn^.n.s m pr.sn

mtw.sn ỉr(t) ḥb^.w ḫʿw ỉpn tp-ȝbd tp-rnpt

r rd^.t sỉȝ.tw wn^.n nḏ m tȝ-mrỉ ḥr (sḏsr) nṯr-pr(y) nb-nfrw mỉ ntï r tp-nfr

ḫt.tw sḫȝwï pn ḥr ʿḥʿ ntï ʿȝt rwḏ(t)

m sš n mdw-nṯr sš n šʿyt sḫȝy n ḥȝw-nbw

 

(Sethe, p.198)

 

rd.t(w) ʿḥʿ.f m gsw-prw m r-pr nb ḥr rn.f m mḥ 1 mḥ 2 mḥ 3

r-gs ẖnt n nsw-bỉt p-t-w-l-m-ï-s ʿnḫ ḏt mry-ptḥ nṯr-pr(y) nb-nfrw