Warning: In this section I decided to display the literal transliteration that is to say the word as it is written and NOT as it should be written. The transliteration of reference will be mentioned when known to me. The comparison of both will reveal in full to the reader the Ancient Egyptians' stenographical way of writing.

 

 

Decree of Canopus

 

Bibliography: Sethe, Kurt, Urkunden der griechisch-römischen Zeit, p. 124-154); Bagnall, Roger S. and Derow, Greek Historical Documents: The Hellenistic Period, 1981/2002 Scholars Press, p. 238

 

(Sethe, p. 125)

 

rnpt-sp 9

ȝ-p-ȝ-l-ï-w-s sw 7

tpï prt sw 17 n ỉmï^.w tȝ-mrỉ

ḫr ḥm nsw-bỉt p-t-w-l-m-ï-s ʿnḫ ḏt mr(y)-ptḥ

 

(Sethe, p. 126)

 

sȝ n p-t-w-l-m-ï-s ỉ-r-s-ỉ-n-ȝ-t nṯrwï-snwï

wʿb n ỉ-l-g-s-ȝ-n-d-r-s mȝʿ-ḫrw ḥnʿ nṯrwï-snwï ḥnʿ nṯrwï-mnḫwï

ȝ-p-w-l-ȝ-n-ï-d-s sȝ n m-w-s-k-ï-ȝ-n

ỉw m-ȝ-n-ȝ-q-r-ȝ-d-ȝ sȝt nt p-ï-l-ȝ-m-n-ȝ

fȝ-dnỉ(t) n m-bȝḥ ỉ-r-s-ỉ-n-ȝ-t mr(t)-sn

 

hrw pn sḫȝw

ỉw ỉmïw-r gsw-prw ḥmw-nṯr

ḥrïw-sštȝ ʿb^.w smʿr nṯrw m sṯt.sn

sš^.w mḏȝt-nṯr rḫ(w)-ḫt

ỉtw-nṯr wʿb^.w mỉ-qd.sn

 

(Sethe, p. 127)

 

ỉ m ỉtrtï šmʿw mḥw r d-ï-ȝ-w-s hrw 5

ỉr.tw wp-rnpt nt ḥm.f ỉm.f

ḥnʿ sw 25 m ȝbd pn

šsp ḥm.f ỉȝwt.f wr^.t m-ʿ ỉt.f ỉm.f

twt.sn r ḥwt-nṯr nt nṯrwï-mnḫwï ntï m pgwtỉ

ỉr ḏd

 

r-ntï wn nsw-bỉt p-t-w-l-m-ï-s ʿnḫ ḏt mr(y)-ptḥ

sȝ n p-t-w-l-m-ï-s ḥnʿ ỉ-r-s-ỉ-n-ȝ-t nṯrwï-snwï

ḥnʿ ḥqȝt b-r-n-ï-g-ȝ-t snt.f ḥmt.f

 

(Sethe, p. 128)

 

nṯrwï-mnḫwï

ḥr ỉr(t) mnḫw qnw wr^.w m gsw-prw nw tȝ-mrỉ r tr nb

ḥr ḏsr mdw pḥtï n nṯrw r ʿȝ wr

wn.sn ỉsk ḥr mḥ(t) r tr nb

ḥr ḫt ḥp mr-wr

ḥnʿ ʿwt ḥwt-nṯr nb(t) ḫw(t) m bȝqt

d.sn ḫt wr (spd) qnw r ỉr^.t r mẖr^.w.sn

sḫm^.w ỉṯ(w).n ẖsï^.w nw p-r-s-t-t r rwt bȝqt

wḏȝ.n ḥm.f r tȝ^.w sṯt

 

(Sethe, p. 129)

 

nḥm.f sn

ỉn.f sn r tȝ-mrỉ

rd.n.f sn r st.sn m gsw-prw

mnmn.sn ỉm ẖr-ḥȝt

swḏȝ.n.f kmt r ḥȝʿï

ḥr ʿḥȝ r rwt.s m ỉnt ḥr(t)

ḥnʿ ḫȝstï^.w ʿšȝ^.w

ḥr tp^.w.sn ḫrp sn

wn.sn ḥr wḏʿ ʿnḫw nb nw tȝ-mrỉ

 

(Sethe, p. 130)

 

ḥnʿ tȝ-tm(?) nb m nḏt n ḥm.sn

ỉsk rf ḫpr rnpt nt ḥʿpï nḏs m hȝw.sn

wn ʿnḫw nb nw bȝqt ỉb.sn qsn

ḥr ḫpr ỉsk m sḫnw

ḫft sḫȝ.sn ḫryt ḫp ḫnt

m rk nsïw tpïw-ʿ

ỉw ḫpr sḫnw ḥʿpï nds n ỉmï^.w tȝ-mrỉ m hȝw.sn

ỉw ḥm.f ḏs.f ḥnʿ snw.f ḥr mḥ(t)

 

(Sethe, p. 131)

 

ỉw ỉb.sn mȝẖ

ḥr ỉmï^.w prw-nṯr ḥnʿ ỉmï^.w bȝqt r ȝw.sn

wn.sn ḥr mȝṯ(?) ʿšȝ sp sn

ḥr rd^.t sȝ.sn r ḥtr qnw

n ỉb n sʿnḫ rḫyt

ỉw.sn ḥr rd^.t ỉn.tw prt r kmt

m rtnw ỉȝb

m tȝ n kftïw

m ỉw sbïntyw ntï m ḥr-ỉb wȝḏ-wr

ḥnʿ ḫȝswt wr(t)

ḥr rd^.t ḥḏ ʿšȝ r ḏbȝw.sn ṯs r sb.t(w).w

 

(Sethe, p. 132)

 

ḥr swḏȝ ʿnḫw wn m tȝ-mrỉ(?)

ḥr rd^.t rḫ.sn mnḫ.sn r r-ʿ ḏt

ḥnʿ sp^.w.sn qnw

m ḥr n ḫprw ḥnʿ ỉ ḥr-sȝ.sn

ỉw rd.n nṯrw smn ỉȝwt.sn n ḥqȝt tȝwï

m ỉsw nn

ḥnʿ fqȝ.sn m ȝḫw r ȝw.sn r r-ʿ ḏt

wḏȝ ḥnʿ snb

 

(Sethe, p. 133)

 

rd(ï) m ỉb.sn ỉn wʿb^.w nw tȝ-mrỉ

r swr ḏsr ḫt qnw n nsw-bỉt p-t-w-l-m-ï-s ʿnḫ ḏt mr(y)-ptḥ

ḥnʿ ḥqȝt b-r-n-ï-g-ȝ-t nṯrwï-mnḫwï

m-ḫnt gsw-prw

ḥnʿ ḫpr(w) n nṯrwï-snwï qmȝ(wï) sn

ḥnʿ ḫpr(w) n nṯrwï-nḏwï sḫp ỉr(ïw) sn

ḥr swr.sn

wʿb^.w pw ỉmï^.w prw-nṯr nb nw bȝqt r ȝw.sn

ḏd.tw wʿb^.w nw nṯrwï-mnḫwï ḥr rn.sn wȝḥ.tw ḥr rn ỉȝwt ḥm-nṯr.sn

 

(Sethe, p. 134)

 

sš r.sn ḥr sḫr^.w nb

ḫt ỉȝwt ḥm-nṯr n nṯrwï-mnḫwï ḥr ḫtm ỉrï ḏrt.sn

sḫpr.sn ky sȝ ỉmïtw(?) wʿb^.w m gsw-prw r ȝw.sn

m wȝḥ ḥr sȝ 4 ḫpr hrw pn

ḏd.tw n.f sȝ 5(.nw) n nṯrwï-mnḫwï

r-ntï ḫpr sḫnw nfr ḥnʿ wḏȝ snb

mswt nsw-bỉt p-t-w-l-m-ï-s ʿnḫ ḏt mr(y)-ptḥ sȝ n nṯrwï-snwï

n d-ï-ȝ-w-s sw 5

 

(Sethe, p. 135)

 

ỉw ỉrf hrw pn ḫntï pw n ỉr(t) b-nfr wr n ʿnḫw nb^.w

d.tw wʿb^.w bs(w.n) nsw r gsw-prw šȝʿ-n rnpt wʿ^.t nt ḥm.f

ḥnʿ ntï tw.tw (r) bs r-mn rnpt-sp 9.(n)t ȝbd 4 šmw

r sȝ pn

ḥnʿ ms^.w.sn r r-ʿ ḏt

wʿb^.w pw wn ẖr-ḥȝt.sn r-mn rnpt wʿ^.t

(r) ḫp m sȝ^.w wn(w).sn ỉm.sn ẖr-ḥȝt

mỉtt-ỉrw n ms^.w.sn ḏr hrw pn r r-ʿ nḥḥ

m sš^.w r sȝ^.w ntï ỉw ỉt.sn m-ḫnt.sn

 

(Sethe, p. 136)

 

ỉr^.ï m ỉsw n wʿb 20 nḏ-ḫt

m stp r tr n rnpt m sȝ 4 ḫpr

m s 5 ỉm.sn r sȝ wʿ

(r) sḫpr wʿb 25 ḥr nḏ-ḫt

ỉw s 5 ỉn.tw m wȝḥ m-ḫnt sȝ 5(.nw) n nṯrwï-mnḫwï

rd.t(w) psšt n ỉmï^.w sȝ 5 n nṯrwï-mnḫwï

m nt-ʿ nb n bs r ỉr(t) ʿbw m ḥwt-nṯr

ḥnʿ ḫt nb^.t r ỉrï.sn m r-prw

ʿȝ-n-sȝ m ḥm-nṯr ỉm.f

 

(Sethe, p. 137)

 

mỉ ḫp m ky sȝ 4

r-ntï sk ỉr.tw ḥb n nṯrwï-mnḫwï m gsw-prw nb

ṯnw ȝbd nb m sw 5 sw 9 sw 25

m ỉr sḫȝw srr ẖr-ḥȝt

ỉw gr ỉr.tw ḥb n nṯrw wr^.w

ḫʿ ʿȝ pẖr m tȝ-mrỉ r tr.f n rnpt

mtw.tw ỉr^.ï ḫʿ ʿȝ r tr n rnpt

 

(Sethe, p. 138)

 

n nsw-bỉt p-t-w-l-m-ï-s ʿnḫ ḏt mr(y)-ptḥ ḥnʿ ḥqȝt b-r-n-ï-g-ȝ-t nṯrwï-mnḫwï

ẖnm ḫnt ỉtrtï ḥr bȝqt r ȝw.s

m hrw pr-spdt

ḏd.tw wpt-rnpt m rn.f ḥr sš^.w nw pr-ʿnḫ

mtw.tw ỉr(t).f m rnpt-sp 9 ȝbd 2 šmw sw 1

ỉw ỉr.tw ḥb n wpt-rnpt nt bȝstt ḥr ḫʿ ʿȝ n bȝstt m ȝbd pn

ḏr-ntï tr n stwt rd nb ḥȝy ḥʿpï ỉm.f

ỉs ỉw ỉrf wn sḫn

 

(Sethe, p. 139)

 

ỉsk wdb ḫʿ n spdt r ky hrw

tnw rnpt 4

r nn sn.tw hrw n ỉr(t) ḥb pn ḥr.s

r ỉr^.t.f r-mỉtt.f m ȝbd 2 šmw sw 1

ỉr.tw ḥb ỉm.f ḫnt m rnpt 9

ỉr.tw ḥb pn r hrw 5

mḏḥ tp.sn m mḥ

m ṯs-ḫt ḥr ḫȝw

ḥr ỉr(t) wdn

ḥnʿ ḫt nb^.t twt n ỉr(t)

 

(Sethe, p. 140)

 

r rd(t) ḫpr.f ỉsk

r tr^.w ḥr ỉr(t) ỉrï.sn r rr nb

mỉ sḫr^.w wn(w) pt smn ḥr.s m hrw pn

r bn s(ï)(?) sḫnw ḫp

r wn ḥb^.w pẖr m tȝ-mrỉ r ỉr.tw.w m prt

r ỉr.tw.w m šmw m tr wʿ

ḥr wdb ḫʿ n spdt m hrw wʿ ṯnw rnpt 4

 

(Sethe, p. 141)

 

r wn ktḫ ḥb^.w ỉs ỉr.tw.w n šmw m ȝt tn

ỉr.tw.w n prt r tr ỉ.sn

mỉ sḫnw ḫp m tr tp-ʿw

r ntï ḫpr ỉsk

ỉr ỉs wn rnpt ḥr hrw 360

ḥnʿ hrw 5 wp.tw wȝḥ r.sn m pḥwï

mtw.tw wȝḥ hrw wʿ m ḥb n nṯrwï-mnḫwï šȝʿ-n hrw pn ṯnw rnpt 4

n wȝḥ r hrw 5 wȝḥ ḥȝt wp-rnpt

ḫpr.f rḫ.n bw-nb

r-ntï nh wšr ỉmïtw smn n tr^.w

ḥnʿ rnpt

 

(Sethe, p. 142)

 

ḥnʿ mdw ntï n hp^.w n rḫ n mtn pt

sḫnw ỉs d mtrt(?)

ỉw mḥ ḥr nṯrwï-mnḫwï

(r-ntï) sk sȝt ḫpr n nsw-bỉt p-t-w-l-m-ï-s ʿnḫ ḏt mr(y)-ptḥ

ḥnʿ nb(t) tȝwï  b-r-n-ï-g-ȝ-t nṯrwï-mnwï

ḏd.tw b-r-n-ï-g-ȝ-t ḥr rn.s

bs.tw.s r ḥqȝt

ỉw sḫn ỉs nṯrt ṯn ỉw.s m rnnt ʿq.s r ḥrt m sḫȝḫ

 

(Sethe, p. 143)

 

ỉw wʿb^.w ỉ m tȝ-mrỉ ḫr nsw-bỉt ẖr-rnpt

m bw ẖr ḥm.f

ỉr.sn prt ʿȝ^.t ḥr-ʿ ḥr sḫnw ḫpr

ỉw.sn ḥr nḥ(t) m-bȝḥ nsw ḥnʿ ḥqȝt

ḥr d(t).s m ỉb.sn

r rd(t) ḥtp nṯrt ṯn ḥnʿ wsỉr m ḥwt-nṯr n pgwtỉ

ntï m-ẖnw n gsw-prw ḫnt(ïw)

(r-ntï) sw wr ỉmïtw.sn

sw m-ḫnt ḏsr(w) (ỉ)n nsw ḥnʿ ʿnḫw nw tȝ-mrỉ r ȝw.sn

 

(Sethe, p. 144)

 

ỉr ỉs ʿq.tw (ỉ)n wsỉr m-ẖnw n sktt

r ḥwt-nṯr tn r tr n rnpt

m ḥwt-nṯr nt ...  m ȝbd 4 ȝḫt sw 29

ỉw ỉmï^.w gsw-prw ḫnt(ïw) r ȝw.sn ḥr ỉr(t) qrr

ḥr ḫȝw nw gsw-prw ḫnt(ïw)

ḥr ỉmn ỉȝb m-ḫft-ḥr-n ḥwt-nṯr ṯn

m-ḫt nn ḫt nb(t) twt n ỉr^.t

ḏr ỉr.n.s nṯr

ḥr swʿb snm.s

 

(Sethe, p. 145)

 

ỉr.sn ḏsr

r ỉb.sn m srf

(m-snt-n) ỉr(t) ḥr ḥp mr-wr

ỉr.sn smȝʿ n rd^.t ḫpr mdw pḥtï n ḏt

n ḥqȝt b-r-n-ï-g-ȝ-t sȝt nt nṯrwï-mnḫwï

m gsw-prw nw tȝ-mrỉ r ȝw.sn

(r-ntï) ḫp ʿq.s m-m nṯrw m tpï prt

ȝbd pw ʿq sȝt rʿ r pt ỉm.f ḫnt

 

(Sethe, p. 146)

 

ḏd.f n.s ỉrt-rʿ mḥnt m ḥȝt.f ḥr rn.s

ḥr mr.n.f s(ï)

ỉr.tw n.s ḥb n ẖn m r-pr wr ỉmïtw gsw-prw ḫnt(ïw) m ȝbd pn

ỉr nṯr n ḥm.s ỉm.f ẖr-ḥȝt

mtw.tw ỉr ḥb wʿ ḥr ẖn wʿ(t)

n ḥqȝt b-r-n-ï-g-ȝ-t sȝt nt nṯrwï-mnḫwï

m gsw-prw nw bȝqt r ȝw.sn

m tpï prt šȝʿ-n hrw 17

ỉr ẖn.s ḥr swʿb snm.s ỉm.f m sp tp(ï)

nfry-r hrw 4

 

(Sethe, p. 147)

 

mtw.tw sʿḥʿ sḫm nṯr n nṯrt ṯn m nbw

mḥ m ʿȝt nb(t) šps(t)

m gsw-prw mḥ wʿ m gsw-prw mḥ 2 r ȝw.sn

rd(t) spȝt(?).f m pr-nṯr

ỉw ḥm-nṯr

r-pw wʿ ỉmïtw wʿb^.w stp(w) r ʿbw wr

r smʿr nṯrw m sṯt.sn

sḫʿ.f ḥr ḥpt.f

 

(Sethe, p. 148)

 

m hrw n ḫʿ ḥnʿ ḥb^.w nw nṯrw r ȝw.sn

r-ntï mȝ s(ï) bw-nb

sn-tȝ m ḏsr.f

ḏd.tw n.f b-r-n-ï-g-ȝ-t ḥnwt rnnwt

ḫʿ.s wn ḥr tp n sḫm pn

nn stwt r wn(t) ḥr-tp rpwt

nt mwt.s ḥrt b-r-n-ï-g-ȝ-t

r ỉr.tw.f m ẖms snnw

ỉw ỉʿrt ỉmïtw.sn

ỉw wȝḏ n ȝḫy m qȝw.s ḥȝ ỉʿrt ṯn

 

(Sethe, p. 149)

 

mỉ wn m ʿ^.wï nṯrwt

ỉw sd n ỉʿrt tn mn r wȝḏ pn

r-ntï wn smȝʿ n sḥnw pn ʿš ḥr rn b-r-n-ï-g-ȝ-t

ḥr tỉt.f m sš^.w nw pr-ʿnḫ

ỉw gr ỉr.tw hrw nw g-ỉ-g-ỉ-l(?) m ȝbd 4 ȝḫt

ẖr-ḥȝt ẖnt wsỉr

rd.ỉn rnnwt ḥmwt nw wʿb^.w ỉr.tw kt rpt

nt b-r-n-ï-g-ȝ-t ḥnwt rnnwt

ỉr.tw n.s qrr

 

(Sethe, p. 150)

 

ḥnʿ ḫt stwt n ỉr(t) m hrw nw ḥb pn

r-ntï wn.s ỉs m-ʿ ktḫ rnnwt

ỉr m stwt n nn n nṯrt tn

r mr.sn

dwȝ.tw nṯrt tn ỉs ỉn šmʿt

stp(t) r šms nṯrw

ḫʿ m ḫʿ^.w nw nṯrw

 

(Sethe, p. 151)

 

wn.sn m wʿbw.sn

ỉr ỉs ỉw rd m-ḥȝt ỉrw

(r) fȝ(t) ẖms ỉn šmʿt r-ḫnt

ḥnk n sḫm nṯr n nṯrt ṯn

ḥs.tw n kȝ.s ỉn dmȝw ḥs^.w

ṯȝ ḥmt

m ẖrt-hrw ḥnʿ ḥb^.w ḫʿw nw nṯrw

m dwȝw spẖr(w).n ṯt pr-ʿnḫ

 

(Sethe, p. 152)

 

d n mr sbȝ nw ḥs^.w

sš mỉtt ḥr šfdw nw pr-ʿnḫ

r-ntï ỉs d.tw ḥtp n wʿb^.w m-ḫnt gsw-prw

ḫft bs.sn ỉn nsw r ḥwt-nṯr

ỉw my d.tw ẖrt n ms^.w ḥmwt nw wʿb^.w

ḏr hrw ms(w).sn ỉm.f

m-ḫnt ḥtp-nṯr nw nṯrw

 

(Sethe, p. 153)

 

m ẖrt wp.tw ỉn wʿb^.w nḏ-ḫt

m r-prw r ȝw.sn

mỉ r n ḥtp-nṯr

ʿqw rd n ḥmwt nw wʿb^.w

ỉr.tw.f wp m qfn

ḏd.tw ʿqw n b-r-n-ï-g-ȝ-t m rn.f

sḫȝw pn mr^.y.tw.f

ỉ(n) nḏ-ḫt m ḥwwt

ḥr mr gsw-prw

 

(Sethe, p. 154)

 

ḥnʿ sš^.w nw ḥwt-nṯr

ḫt ḥr wḏ n ỉnr r-pw ḥmt

m sš nw pr-ʿnḫ sš n šʿ sš n ḥȝ-nbw

rd.t(w) ʿḥʿ.f m wsḫ (nw) rmṯ

m gsw-prw ḫnt(ïw) gsw-prw 2.nw gsw-prw 3.nw

r rd^.t wbȝ ḥr n bw-nb

m ḏsr ỉr(w).n wʿb^.w nw gsw-prw bȝqt n nṯrwï-mnḫwï

ḥnʿ ms^.w.sn

m stwt n ỉr^.rt